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MHA counters misinformation on Census-2027, clarifies caste census in second phase
The Union Ministry of Home Affairs clarified that details for Census-2027, including the two-phase structure with caste enumeration in the second phase, were publicly released in December 2025. The ministry accused individuals of spreading confusion, stating there's no deviation from established census methodology.
Union Ministry of Home Affairs on Tuesday said that the complete details of Census-2027 were already made public through a press release on December 12, 2025, and accused some individuals of deliberately spreading confusion, particularly over the proposed caste enumeration.
In a post shared by the Press Information Bureau (PIB) on X, the ministry clarified that Census-2027 will follow the same two-phase structure as previous censuses, with caste enumeration scheduled to take place during the second phase of the exercise.
According to the MHA, the first phase of Census-2027 will be the Houselisting and Housing Census, which focuses on housing conditions, amenities and household assets. The second phase will be the Population Enumeration, during which individual-level demographic data -- including caste details -- will be collected.
The ministry said these aspects had already been clearly outlined in the December 2025 press release, and reiterated that there has been no deviation from the established census methodology. The clarification comes amid heightened political debate and social media speculation over the scope and timing of the caste census component.
Census-2027: What we know so far
The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in December last year, approved Census-2027 at a cost of Rs 11,718.24 crore. The Census will be conducted in two phases:
Houselisting and Housing Census from April to September 2026, covering household structures, amenities, and assets.
Population Enumeration (PE) in February 2027, which will include caste enumeration. In Ladakh, snow-bound areas of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand, the PE will be conducted in September 2026.
About 30 lakh field functionaries — including enumerators, supervisors, charge officers, and district census officers — will be deployed to carry out the exercise, with appropriate honorarium for their additional work. The enumerators, mainly government teachers and state-appointed personnel, will visit every household, canvassing separate questionnaires for each phase.
Key innovations for Census-2027 include:
First-ever digital Census, with data collected via mobile apps for Android and iOS. Census Management & Monitoring System (CMMS) portal for real-time monitoring. Houselisting Block (HLB) Creator web map application for Charge Officers. Option for self-enumeration by the public. Advanced security features for digital operations. A nationwide publicity campaign to ensure awareness, inclusive participation, and accurate information sharing.
The Census aims to provide comprehensive micro-level data on housing, amenities, demography, religion, caste, language, literacy, education, economic activity, migration, and fertility.
Approximately 1.02 crore man-days of employment will be generated through deployment of technical and field personnel, while data will be made available in clean, machine-readable formats for policymakers and ministries.
Census-2027 continues India's legacy as the largest administrative and statistical exercise in the world, governed by the Census Act, 1948, and Census Rules, 1990, and promises faster, more user-friendly dissemination of data to support planning and development across all levels of governance.
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Source: EconomicTimes
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